Every year around the world, during the time of Eid al-Adha, millions of Muslims take part in an Islamic practice known as Qurbani. Qurbani is the sacrifice of an animal, made in obedience to Allah. As a Muslim, it is important to know and understand the Qurbani rules so that you can perform the act accurately and maximise seeking the blessings of Allah. Stay with us as we guide you through the rules of Qurbani so you may fulfil your responsibilities with confidence.
The word Qurbani derives from the Arabic root of ‘qurban’, which means “to draw/be near.” Qurbani is an act that reminds a believer of Prophet Ibrahim’s (AS) deep trust in Allah. Allah tested Prophet Ibrahim (AS) by commanding him to sacrifice his son, Ismail (AS). Both the father and son submitted to the word of Allah, until Allah replaced Ismail (AS) with a ram in the last moments before the sacrifice. This last moment is what became a symbol of devotion and submission to Allah.
So, what is the purpose of Qurbani in Islam? Qurbani is what teaches Muslims the importance of trust in Allah, compassion for those in need, and gratitude to Allah for all His provisions. The purpose of Qurbani is not only the sacrifice of an animal, but it is also to submit to Allah and share the blessings of our provisions with those in need.
The following verses of the Quran are part of the rules of Qurbani, reminding us that the act of Qurbani is for Allah alone, and provisions must be shared with the poor and needy.
Allah says in the Quran “And the camels and cattle We have appointed for you as among the symbols of Allah… So mention the name of Allah upon them… and feed the needy and the beggar.” [Quran 22:36]
He also says, “So turn in prayer to your Lord and sacrifice [to Him alone].” [Quran 108:2]
In Islam, Qurbani is obligatory (Wajib) upon a Muslim who meets specific criteria. An adult who is able to pay Zakat and has the financial means after fulfilling their own basic needs should give Qurbani.
Those who are travelling during the days of Dhul Hijjah, or aren’t financially stable, are exempt from performing Qurbani. In the end, the performance of Qurbani is not to bring hardship, but rather instil obedience and compassion.
It is important to know which animals are allowed for Qurbani and the type of livestock permitted to be sacrificed and consumed under Islamic law.
Eligible animals for Qurbani include sheep, goats, cows, buffaloes, and camels. Each of these animals must be free from defect, meet a minimum age standard, and be healthy before its sacrifice.
A small animal, such as a sheep or goat, is one Qurbani share. A larger animal, such as a cow, camel, or buffalo, can be shared by up to seven people, as long as each person’s share in that animal is fulfilled.
Believers must treat these animals with respect and kindness before, during and after the sacrifice. It is extremely prohibited in Islam to be cruel to animals, and so the process of sacrifice must be done in a dignified way, which is the least harmful for the animal.
The time of Qurbani starts after the Eid al-Adha prayer, which is on the 10th of Dhul Hijjah, and can be continued through the 11th and 12th of Dhul Hijjah. Qurbani must be performed within this time to be valid.
The intention behind the one who is performing the Qurbani must be purely to seek the pleasure of Allah. Before the process of Qurbani, the name of Allah must be mentioned, reciting Bismillah, Allahu Akbar, honouring the purity of the sacrifice.
Upon the sacrifice of the animal, the meat must be shared in three parts. One portion is for the family, the other for friends and relatives, and the final share is for the poor and needy. The act of sharing and distributing this meal is what encourages kindness and generosity, ensuring that the joy and blessings of Eid can reach those who are most in need.
None of the meat from Qurbani is to be sold for profit, as the purpose of Qurbani is to worship Allah and give in charity.
Muslims at times ask if they can give Qurbani on behalf of a loved one who is no longer with them. The answer to this is yes, it is permissible to offer voluntary Qurbani on behalf of someone who has passed away, as long as one’s own Qurbani is fulfilled first.
A very common question is whether you can cut your hair and nails before Qurbani.
It has been narrated that the Messenger of Allah (Peace be Upon Him) said “When the ten days (of Dhul Hijjah) begin, and any one of you wants to offer a sacrifice, let him refrain (from cutting) his hair and nails.”
Many scholars differ on the topic of whether this statement is obligatory or a recommendation. In general, it is advised not to cut one’s hair or trim nails from the start of Dhul Hijjah until after the sacrifice has been made, out of respect for the holiness of these blessed days in the month. However, the Qurbani does remain valid if someone decides to cut or trim them.
Overall, Qurbani is an act of obedience to Allah, and a beautiful means by which you give to those in need. The true purpose of the sacrifice is to seek the pleasure of Allah and to fulfil the Qurbani with sincerity.
We here at Emaan Relief ensure your Qurbani is carried out with the key intent to follow the guidelines of Islamic principles. We strive to make sure that your Qurbani can reach those most in need within vulnerable communities.
You can donate your Qurbani now through Emaan Relief. Click now to donate.
